Chronology 1910-1919 | oversby

1910 (25 Jan) Mr R Oversby arrived in Sydney, New South Wales on the vessel Aorangi. Port of Departure: Vancouver, British Columbia

1910 (27 Feb) Thomas Oversby, born

Marriage: 23 Apr 1910 St Matthew, Bolton, Lancs. John William Obersby - 38, Calenderer, Bachelor, 75 John Brown St Edith Wallwork - 25, Stitcher, Spinster, 75 John Brown St Groom's Father: Peter Obersby, Cotton Operative. Bride's Father: James Wallwork, Minder. Witness: Maurice Grundy; Annie Wallwork Married by Banns by: R. F. Hurst Curate. Register: Marriages 1905 - 1911, Page 188, Entry 376. Source: Original Register

1910 (10 Jun) "Jack" John Oversby (born 1888) departed from London, England on the steamship Otranto on 10 June 1910 bound for Fremantle, Western Australia. Travelled on the Otranto with his brother Tom and also on board was Miss Edna Hunter, later Mrs Potts of Three Springs 1910 (13 Dec) Leigh Parliamentary Election: Candidature of Mr. W. T. Oversby, J.P.

1910 (21 Dec) James Partington (c.1867- 1910) died in the Pretoria Pit disaster, at the Hulton Colliery Bank Pit No. 3, in Over Hulton, Westhoughton)

1910 (21 Dec) Thomas Partington (c.1891- 1910) died in the Pretoria Pit disaster, at the Hulton Colliery Bank Pit No. 3, in Over Hulton, Westhoughton)

PRETORIA PIT DISASTER- 21 DECEMBER 1910

The Pretoria Pit disaster was a mining accident on 21 December 1910, when an underground explosion occurred at the Hulton Colliery Bank Pit No. 3, known as the Pretoria Pit, in Over Hulton, Westhoughton, then in the historic county of Lancashire, in North West England. A total of 344 men & boys lost their lives.

There were approximately 2,400 workers employed by the Hulton Colliery Company in 1910. On the morning of 21 December, approximately 900 workers arrived for the day shift. They were working five coal seams of the Manchester Coalfield: the Trencherbone, Plodder, Yard, Three-Quarters and Arley mines.

At 7:50am, there was an explosion in the Plodder Mine, which was thought to have been caused by an accumulation of gas from a roof collapse the previous day.

That day 349 workers descended the No 3 bank pit shaft to work in the Plodder, Yard and Three Quarters mines. Of those, only four survived to be brought to the surface. One died immediately and one the next day. The two survivors were Joseph Staveley and William Davenport. In addition, one man died in the Arley Mine of No. 4 Pit, bringing the total to 344. There was a final fatality that day, William Turton, who died while fighting a fire in No. 3 pit. The men who were working the other mines in the pit worked from No.4 shaft were unharmed.

It was the second worst mining accident in England, and the third worst in Britain; after the Oaks Colliery explosion and Senghenydd Colliery Disaster.

Many of the fatalities were from the same family. The worst affected was the Tyldesley family in which Mrs Miriam Tyldesley lost her husband, four sons and two brothers. A relief fund was established for the families and dependents and a total of £145,000 was raised. In 1911, dependents were compensated and given annuities from a number of sources (including the fund). All the victims were members of Permanent Relief Societies to which they paid contributions weekly and most had private life insurance with friendly societies and all were covered by the Workmen’s Compensation Act 1906 which brought together all (except the private insurance) the compensation to produce a lump sum and annuity for the dependants.

John Baxter was the last recipient of payments from the Hulton Colliery Explosion (1910) Relief Fund when he died in January 1973. The fund was dissolved in 1975 and the remaining assets transferred to other miners' relief funds.

There is a memorial to the victims in Westhoughton cemetery. A memorial service is held there each year and a selection of artifacts from the disaster is displayed in Westhoughton Central Library. A statue opposite Westhoughton church by Jane Robbins was unveiled on 19 December 2010 almost 100 years after the disaster. Another memorial was erected in 2010 on the 100th anniversary at the end of Broadway on the border between Atherton and Over Hulton funded from by grants and donations. The site is about 300 yards from the No.4 shaft from which the survivors and bodies were raised.

On 19 December 2008, an account of the disaster was discovered, written anonymously by a man who accompanied the rescue team.

A play, Sleep, Comrade Sleep, was written and performed in 2005 by the staff and students of Westhoughton High School and reprised for the centenary in 2010.

Memorial to Pretoria Pit Disaster, Westhoughton Cemetery

1910 The Hawes Junction rail crash of 1910 occurred near to the station, which was originally named Hawes Junction, as it was the junction of a branch line to Hawes.

1910 Cecil Oversby Sayer (born 1884), age26, married Ethel Caroline Edwards at Kirkby-Stephen, Westmoreland, England. Father John Sayer.

1910 Clarence R Albinson was captain of the vessel Dunelm.

1910-1919 John Aindow Jnr., son of John Aindow, Snr was Coxswain of the Formby lifeboat from 1910 to 1919.

1911 (25 Jan) Mary Margaret Oversby (born abt 1890), aged 21. Married Fred Sedgwick at Dent, Yorkshire, England. Father: Oliver Oversby

1911 (6 May) Jane Oversby (1911-1986) born in Sedbergh, Yorkshire West Riding. Marriage: Apr 1934 East Ward, Westmorland, United Kingdom-James William Metcalfe (1906–1996) Died 3 Jun 1986 North Yorks

1911 (6 May) Jane Oversby born at Hudshouse, Dent. Parents John Oversby and Dorothy Oversby (formerly Lund)

1911 (21 Dec) Dorothy Oversby (born abt 1889), aged 22, married William Haygarth at Dent, Yorkshire, England. Father: George Oversby

1911 England Census – Essex South Weald and Little Warley

Civil Parish Hutton / Ecclesiastical Parish Hutton All Saints / Rural District BillericayMid Essex Chelmsford

Poplar Training School Hutton Brentwood Essex

William Crawford 9

Henry Crawford 4

1911 England Census London Mile End New Town and Spitalfields

Sarah Crawford Lodger 30 widow charwoman born Bolton Lancs

1911 England Census Throstle Hall Dent Yorkshire William Mason Age45 Isabella Mason Age37 James William Mason Age9 Maggie Mason Age7

1911 Peter Obersby (1863-1929) [1911: 517 Tonge Moor Road, Bolton / Gaiter]

1911 Arthur Robert Obersby (1894-1954) [1911: 517 Tonge Moor Road, Bolton / Crofter]

1911 Clarence R. Albinson was captain of the vessel Empress of Fort William. Mooreland, Ontario.

1912

1912 (15 Apr) On 15 April 1912, Kingsley Fairbridge and his wife Ruby Fairbridge arrived in Albany, Western Australia, from England and made their way to Pinjarra, arriving on 16 July that same year to establish the world's first Fairbridge Farm School.

1912 (19 Oct) The world’s first Fairbridge Farm School opened on 19 October 1912. Kingsley Fairbridge wanted to see "little children shedding the bondage of bitter circumstances and stretching their legs and minds amid the thousand interests of the farm."

1912 Clarence R. Albinson was captain of the vessel Dunelm

1912-2003 Wolfenden School in Halliwell educated local children from 1912 until its closure in 2003. Jean Crawford was a pupil there.

1913 (2 Jun) John Napier (born abt 1879), a hewer aged 34, died in an accident at Houghton Colliery. [Company: Lambton and Hetton Collieries Ltd.] The deceased were taking out a pillar in a 4-foot seam and were engaged in kirving in the coal when both coal and stone above it came away for a length of 13 feet and fell upon them, killing them on the spot; they had undercut beyond a "breaker" which liberated the fall, and apparently had not set sufficient sprags to the face, which was overhanging at the start [Sunderland Echo reports: accident - 02 Jun 1913 pg 6 col 2; inquest - 04 Jun 1913 pg 3 col 3] Buried: Houghton Cemetery.

1913 (9 Jun) Mrs Thos Obersby (Birth abt 1885), housewife aged 28, with her child Stanley aged 3 arrived in Liverpool, England from Montréal, Québec, Canada on the ship Tunisian (Shipping Line: Allan Line. Official Number: 111248)

1913 (28 Jun) Frederick Obersby (born 1890) aged 23 married Louisa Farnworth at Fletcher Street Wesleyan Methodist, Bolton, Lancaster, England. Father: Peter Obersby

1913 (28 Jun) Frederick Oversby married Louisa Farnworth (1888–1918) at Fletcher Street Wesleyan Methodist, Bolton, Lancaster, England [Jun 1913 Bolton 8c 883] Marriage: 28 Jun 1913 Fletcher Street Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Bolton, Lancashire, England. Frederick Obersby - 23, Carter, Bachelor, 517 Tonge Moor Road, Bolton. Louisa Farnworth - 25, Slubber Tenter in Cotton Mill, Spinster, 6 John Taylor Street, Bolton. Groom's Father: Peter Obersby, Gater in Weaving Shed. Bride's Father: William Farnworth, Master Carter. Witness: Peter Obersby; Jane Farnworth. Married by Certificate by: David Huddleston. Register: Marriages 1913 - 1916, Page 2, Entry 3. Source: LDS Film 1538360.

1913 (17 Jul) Robert Oversby (abt 1907-1913) died at Auburn, King, Washington aged 6. Father: George Oversby. Mother: Mary Redpath

1913 (31 Dec) John Oversby (abt 1864-abt 1913) buried in Liverpool, Lancashire, England. Cemetery Section: Church of England.

1913 Clarence R. Albinson was captain of the vessel Dunelm. Membership Class: Active. Pennant Number: 02179. Lodge Number: 14. Lodge Name: St. Clair, MI. Location: City: Courtright. State: Ont. Country: Canada.

1913-1982 From 1913 until 1982, Fairbridge Farm School was home to a total of 3,580 children[3] who came to Fairbridge under various child migration schemes. The school provided education in task-learning, husbandry, metal work and wood work.

1914 (19 Jan) Judge John Robert Thomas, aged 68, went to McAlister State Penitentiary at McAlister, Oklahoma for an interview with Abraham Collier serving a 7-year term for larceny. While in the Warden’s Office, the state’s most serious prison outbreak occurred. There were three armed convicts: Tom Lane, Chiney Reed, and Charles Kuntz. They converged on the warden’s office and said, “Stand up, everyone stand up.” Judge Thomas reaches for his cane. The inmates shoot and kill Judge Thomas; D. D. Oates, Assistant Warden; F. C. Godfrey, day sergeant; and H. H. Dover, in the corridor. Also wounded were Mrs. Mary Foster (leg), J. W. Martin (cheek), and C. B. Woods (arm).*

1914 (19 Jan) Oklahoma State Penitemtiary: The first prison escape (from behind the walls) occurred on January 19, 1914. Three inmates stole a gun and killed three prison employees and retired federal judge John Robert Thomas during the escape attempt. The convicts were later killed behind a rock ledge located on a ridge overlooking a wagon road.

1914 (19 Jan) The first prison escape (from behind the walls) occurred on January 19, 1914. Three inmates stole a gun in the escape attempt. They killed three prison employees and federal judge John R. Thomas. The employees killed were Deputy Warden P.C. Vales, Bertillon expert H.H. Dover, and storekeeper F.C. Godfrey. The inmates involved were Ching Reed, Tom Lane, and Charlie Koontz. The convicts were later killed behind a rock ledge located on a ridge overlooking a wagon road.

1914 (7 Feb) Gladys Bowyer (nee Oversby) born.

1914 (28 May) Agnes Ashton (born 1893), aged 21, married George William Oversby at Melling (Near Hornby), Lancaster, England. Father: Enoch Ashton

1914 (19 Jun) Prosper Daye was one of the 189 men killed at the Hillcrest mine disaster June 19, 1914.

THE HILLCREST MINE DISASTER 19 Jun 1914

The Hillcrest mine disaster, the worst coal mining disaster in Canadian history, occurred at Hillcrest, Alberta, in the Crowsnest Pass region of western Canada, on Friday June 19, 1914, 9:30 am.] At the time it was the world's third worst mine disaster. The accident had a profound effect on the town of Hillcrest Mines, which in 1914 had a population of about 1,000. A total of 189 workers died, about half of the mine’s total workforce, which left 90 women widowed and about 250 children fatherless. Many of the victims were buried in a mass grave at the Hillcrest Cemetery. Condolences came from across the country, including a brief message from King George V, but the commencement of World War I soon overshadowed this event. Operations at Hillcrest mine continued until 1939. A monument to the Hillcrest mine disaster and the lives lost has been placed at the Hillcrest cemetery. In 1990, Canadian folk-singer James Keelaghan recorded Hillcrest Mine, one of his best-known songs. The disaster is also featured in the song "Coal Miner" (album Heads Is East, Tails Is West, 2014) by Alberta-based Rocky Mountain Folk-Pop singer Joal Kamps.

1914 (4 Aug) Britain declares war on Germany

1914 (11 Aug) Thomas Thistlethwaite Sedgwick (1914–1986) born in Sedbergh, Yorkshire, England. Died Mar 1986 Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.

1914 (12 Oct) Christina Oversby born

1914 Clarence R. Albinson was captain of the vessel Dunelm. Membership Class: Active. Pennant Number: 02179. Lodge Number:14. Lodge Name: St. Clair, MI. Location City: Mooretown. State: Ont. Country: Canada.

1914 In 1914 there were over one hundred thousand patients within over one hundred mental institutions around the United Kingdom, the majority of these institutions were built since the passing of the County Asylum / Lunacy Act in 1845. With the passing of the care in the community act in the 1980’s, many of these institutions have since closed; only a few of them remain open and in the use for Mental Health services.

Before the First World War there had never been compulsory military service in Britain.

1914-1918 First World War.

1914-1920 P W Oversby. Military Year: 1914-1920. Rank: 2nd Lieutenant. Unit: Royal Field Artillery. Company: WO 329 Regiment or Corps: Officers (Various Regiments). Medal Awarded: British War Medal and Victory Medal

1915 (13 Feb) John Oversby (1862-1915) died in Colver, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, USA aged 52. Burial: Grandview Cemetery Southmont, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, USA Plot CE3, Lot 107. Acute dilation of the heart. Victim suddenly fell over dead while working.

1915 (16 Feb) George Oversby of Low Haycot, Dent, Yorkshire died. Administration Wakefield 1 Nov to Sarah Oversby widow Effects £439 12s 3d

1915 (7 May) Charles Aindow (1878 -1915) died in the Irish Sea, off Kinsale, aboard RMS Lusitania.

Lusitania sunk by a German U Boat U-20 on 7 May 1915

1915 (7 Jun) Lieutenant Cecil Oversley Sayer died of wounds. Durham Light Infantry Battalion 7th Battalion (Territorial)

1915 (Jun) William Walton Burton honoured for having 30 children 1915 (3 Jul) Florence Louise Oversby (born abt 1889), aged 26, married Harvey Dodd at Princes Park, St Paul, Lancashire, England. Father: William Thomas Oversby

1915 (3 Jul) Pte R. Oversby of Ulverston died

1915 (24 Jul) Pte R. Oversby of Ulverston [3rd K.O.R.L], died

1915 (Jul) Back o'th' Bank Bakery opened by Rachael Warburton in July 1915.

1915 (21 Aug) Ernest Oversby (born Bolton, Lancs 2 Mar 1895) First Service Date: 21 Aug 1915 First Ship Served On: Portland Hosp. Last Service Date: 31 Mar 1917 Last Ship Served On: Pembroke Service Number: M15748.

1915 (24 Aug) Margaret Elizabeth Oversby (born 1892), aged 23, married Thomas Edward Cornthwaite at Walton Breck, Holy Trinity, Lancashire, England. Father John Oversby-Dairyman. Edward Cornthwaite - Dairyman

1915 (31 Aug) George Oversby (1915-1992) born in Pennsylvania, USA Died: 12 May 1992 - Westhampton Beach, Suffolk, New York, USA

1915 (20 Nov) Peter Obersby married Florence Bottoms at St Paul, Astley Bridge, Lancs. Marriage: 20 Nov 1915 St Paul, Astley Bridge, Lancs. Peter Obersby - 24 Beetler Bachelor of Tonge Moor Florence Bottoms - 25 Cop-winder Spinster of 15 Brindley Street Groom's Father: Peter Obersby, Gaiter Bride's Father: Thomas Bottoms, Maker-up Witness: Stanley Obersby; Alice Bottoms Married by Banns by: J. H. McCubbin Assistant Curate Register: Marriages 1906 - 1919, Page 176, Entry 351 Source: LDS Film 2148105

1916 (Jan) The first Military Service Bill was passed into law in January 1916 following the failure of recruitment schemes to gain sufficient volunteers in 1914 and 1915.

1916 (3 Feb) Arthur Obersby (born abt 1895), age 21 married Edith Hardman at Walmsley, Christ Church, Lancashire, England. Father: Peter Obersby

1916 (8 Feb) Robert Oversby (1858-1916)), estimated age 58, died at Cle Elum, Kittitas, Washington Father Mathew Oversby. Mother Marianna Martin.

1916 (4 Mar) Stanley Obersby married Jessie Woolley at St Paul Astley Bridge, Lancas. Marriage: 4 Mar 1916 St Paul, Astley Bridge, Lancs. Stanley Obersby - 23 Printer Bachelor of S. Augustine Tonge Moor Jessie Woolley - 22 Parceller Spinster of 23 Ollerton Trrace Groom's Father: Peter Obersby, Guaiter Bride's Father: William Woolley, Gardener Witness: Minnie Woolley; Peter Obersby Married by Licence by: C. S. J. Bridge Assistant Curate Notes: [The clerk recorded the groom's and father's surnames as Oversby but the groom's signature is clearly Obersby] Register: Marriages 1906 - 1919, Page 180, Entry 359 Source: LDS Film 2148105

1916 (25 Mar) Military Medal (MM): Instituted by Royal Warrant on 25th March, 1916, for “the appreciation of acts of gallantry and devotion to duty performed by non-commissioned officers and men for individual and associated acts of bravery on the recommendation of a Commander-in-Chief in the Field.”

1916 (Mar) From March 1916, military service was compulsory for all single men in England, Scotland and Wales aged 18 to 41, except those who were in jobs essential to the war effort, the sole support of dependents, medically unfit, or ‘those who could show a conscientious objection’. This later clause was a significant British response that defused opposition to conscription. Further military service laws included married men, tightened occupational exemptions and raised the age limit to 50.

1916 (13 May) John McGuinness married Sarah Crawford at St Marie’s Church Bolton. John McGuinness – 42, General Labourer, Bachelor, 71 Chapel Street, Bolton. Sarah Crawford-34, Widow, 71 Chapel Street, Bolton.

1916 (20 May) Jack John Oversby (born 1888) and his brother Tom embarked from Melbourne, Victoria, Australia for active service abroad on the H.M.A.T. A7 Medic on 20 May 1916

1916 (1 Jun) Benjamin Griffiths Haygarth (1892- 1918) married Margaret Morphet (Abt 1890) at St Andrew’s, Dent, Yorkshire

1916 (16 Aug) Joseph Oversby, aged 25, K.R.R., son of Mr. John and the late Mrs. Elizabeth Oversby, of Hall Bank, Dent, killed in action in France Aug. 16, 1916.

1916 (17 Aug) Private Joseph Oversby (1890-1916) died aged 25. Birth Dec 1890 Garsdale, South Lakeland District, Cumbria, England. Death: 17 Aug 1916 (aged 25) France Burial Thiepval Memorial Thiepval, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France Plot Pier and Face 1 D 8 B and 8 C.

1916 (5 Sep) William Montgomery Lister died in Salonika. Rank SPR. Regiment Royal Engineers Regimental Number 56894 Theatre of War Balkan Theatre Comments 10Th Field Coy., R.E.

1916 (7 Sep) Rhona McFarlane (1916–1979) born in Barrow in Furness, Lancashire, England. Died 14 1979 Sedbergh, Yorkshire, England

1916 (16 Oct) William Bentham served in the West Riding Duke of Wellington's Regiment during World War I and was reported missing in action 16.10.1916.

1916 (19 Oct) John Henry Burrow (born 1892), age 23, service date: 19 Oct 1916. Service Number: 135666

1916 (22 Nov) Thomas Oversby (1836-1916) died at Dent, South Lakeland District, Cumbria, England aged 79-80. Burial: St Andrew Churchyard, Dent, South Lakeland District, Cumbria, England

1916 (19 Dec) Marriage: 19 Dec 1916 St Paul, Astley Bridge, Lancs. John Davies Heaps - 28 Soldier Bachelor of 8 Shepherd Cross Street Bolton Minnie Woolley - 31 Parceler Spinster of 23 Ollerton Terrace Groom's Father: John Henry Heaps, Insurance Superintendent Bride's Father: William Woolley, Gardener Witness: Jessie Obersby; Stanley Obersby Married by Licence by: J. H. McCubbin Assistant Curate Register: Marriages 1906 - 1919, Page 195, Entry 389 Source: LDS Film 2148105

1916 (23-24 Sep) The Zeppelin L32, shot down by Frederick Sowrey RFC, which crashed near Snails Farm, South Green, Great Burstead, near Billericay, on the night of 23 - 24 September 1916.

[AO note: My maternal grandfather spoke of seeing the wreck of a zeppelin whilst he was in the orphanage. This would appear to be a match]

1916 (26 Sep) During a World War One zeppelin bombing raid on Bolton windows were broken by explosives in Darley Street.

[AO note : My paternal grandfather would live in Darley Street, decades later]

1916 The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993 when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks in the British honours system, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own awards systems in the post war period.

1916-1917 Edgar Oversby (1894-) Conscientious Objector Military Service Tribunal, MST (Military Service Tribunal) Shipley 22.3.16 - refused; County appeal 19.4.16 - refused; Central Tribunal at Wormwood S. 29.8.16 - CO class A, to Brace Committee. War Service, Non-NCC (Drafted into a combatant unit and disobeyed orders) Details of Court Martial: Non-NCC (Drafted into a combatant unit and disobeyed orders) 24.7.16 Halifax, 29 (R) Northumberland Fusiliers CM (Court Martial) Hornsea 10.8.16 - 6 months HL (With hard labour) - Refused to sign army papers and refused a medical. Magistrates Court, Arrested, tried at Bradford Police Court 24.7.16, fined 40/- and handed over – Absentee. Work Centre, HOS (The Home Office Scheme, administered by the Brace Committee) 12.10.16 at Wakefield Work Centre; 1.11.16 transfer to Army Reserve Class W; 28.8.17 at Dartmoor. Central Tribunal, Central Tribunal Nos. W.1291 Class: A – genuine.

1917 (5 Feb) Alice Oversby died in Sedalia, Pettis, Missouri, USA. Certificate Number:7073

1917 (26 Mar) William George Oversby signed up for the Canadian Overseas Expeditionary force March 26, 1917.

1917 (10 Apr) Fanny Mason (1890–1917) died at sea - aboard hospital ship 'Salta'. Rank Staff Nurse Regiment Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service On April 10 1917 the ship hit a mine laid by the German U-Boat UC-26.

HMHS Salta. (His Majesty's Hospital Ship) was a steam ship originally built for Societe Generale de Transport Maritime Steam, but was requisitioned for use as a British Hospital Ship during the First World War. On April 10 1917 She hit a mine laid by the German U-Boat UC-26. Built by the French Company Societe des Forges et Chantiers de la Mediterranee at Le Seyne-sur-Mer for the Societe Generale de Transport Maritime Steam. The Salta was chartered by the British Admiralty in February 1915 and converted into a hospital ship. The former liner was painted white with wide green stripes and the insignia of the Red Cross, according to the terms laid down in the Hague Convention of 1894. While returning to pick up wounded at the port of Le Havre, France, Salta struck a mine at 11:43 one mile north of the entrance to the dam. A huge explosion smashed the hull near the stern in the engine room and hold number three. Water rushed into the disabled ship which listed to starboard and sank in less than 10 minutes. Of the 205 passengers and crew members, nine nurses, 42 members of the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) and 79 crew drowned. The English Patrol Boat HMS P-26 attempted to come alongside to assist, but, also struck a mine and sank.

Fanny Mason Death Date 10 Apr 1917 drowned Rank Staff Nurse Regiment Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service

1917 (28 Apr) R. Powley (Abt 1892-1917) R.A.M.C., formerly of Dent, killed in France, April 28, 1917, aged 25.

1917 (7 May) Dorothy K Oversby (1917-1998) born in Pennsylvania, USA Died 7 May 1998 Novi, Oakland, Michigan, USA

1917 (12 Jun) Eva May Oversby (1906-1917) died in Johnstown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, USA aged 10 of chorea. Burial: Grandview Cemetery Southmont, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, USA

1917 (Aug) The War Diary mentions Pte E. Oversby being affected by gas in the Nieuport Sector in August, 1917.

1918 (30 Jan) On the 30 January 1918, the 1/5th Bn Duke of Wellington's (West Riding Regiment) was transferred from the 49th (West Riding) Division to the 62nd (2/West Riding) Division and absorbed the 2/5th Battalion becoming the 5th Battalion.

1918 (5 Feb) William Oversby died in Yorkshire, England. Probate Date: 19 Mar 1918 Probate Registry: Wakefield

1918 (9 Feb) Edward Oversby Mason (1891–1957) married Betsy Eden Middleton (1897–1974) at St Johns, Cowgill, Yorkshire, England

1918 (24 Mar) John Thomas Davies VC (1895 – 1955) was 22 years old and a corporal in the 11th (Service) Battalion, South Lancashire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's Volunteers), British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC. On 24 March 1918 near Eppeville, France, when his company was ordered to withdraw, Corporal Davies knew that the only line of withdrawal lay through a deep stream lined with a belt of barbed wire; he saw it imperative to hold up the enemy as long as possible. He mounted the parapet in full view of the enemy in order to get a more effective field of fire and kept his Lewis gun in action to the last, causing many enemy casualties and enabling part of his company to get across the river, which they would otherwise have been unable to do. He was taken prisoner after the action.

No. 20765 Cpl. John Thomas Davies, S. Lane. R. (St. Helens). For most conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty under heavy rifle and machinegun fire. When his company—outflanked on both sides—received orders to withdraw, Corporal Davies knew that the only line of withdrawal lay through a deep stream lined with a belt of barbed wire, and that it was imperative to hold up the enemy as long as possible. He mounted the parapet, fully exposing himself, in order to get a more effective field of fire, and kept his Lewis gun in action to the last, causing the enemy many casualties and checking their advance. By his very great devotion to duty he enabled part of his company to get across the river, which they would otherwise have been unable to do, thus undoubtedly saving the lives of many of his comrades. When last seen this gallant N.C.O. was still firing his gun, with the enemy close on the top of him, and was in all probability killed at his gun

-The London Gazette Publication date:21 May 1918 Supplement:30697 Page:6058

His parents were notified of his death in action, and his Victoria Cross was gazetted posthumously, before information was received two months later that, almost incredibly under the circumstances, he was in fact a prisoner. He is therefore believed to be one of only two men ever to have been awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross while still alive (the other being Major Herbert Le Patourel of the Hampshire Regiment in World War II).

1918 (30 Mar) Joseph Oversby (1895-1967) married Thelma Hunter (1900-1974).

1918 (25 Apr) 266498 Pte E Oversby 1/6th Bn C Coy awarded the Military Medal (MM) [London Gazette page: 5035] Some of the unit War Diaries contained more detail on the award of gallantry medals but there is no citation for this medal, which is not unusual as very few Military Medal citations were published in the London Gazette during the war. Most of the official citations were dumped in France and destroyed at the end of the war. Many of the citations that survive from family members or from newspapers which published them.

1918 (7 May) James Oversby (born 16 Mar 1894 Durham Durham). Service Number: K51187 First Service Date: 7 May 1918. First Ship Served On: Victory II. Last Service Date: 18 Mar 1919. Last Ship Served On: Sandhurst Ready.

1918 (17 Jul) Louisa Obersby buried at Heaton Cemetery (Lancashire)

1918 (22 Jul) John Edward Oversby of Hobson’s Farm Dent Yorkshire private 5th battalion Duke of Wellington’s regiment died 22 July 1918 in France. Administration London 8 July to Elizabeth Slee Oversby widow. Effects £110 6s.

1918 (21 Aug) Alan Kline Kerr (1918-2009), born in Arcadia, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, USA. Died 30 Jun 2009 Ebensburg, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, USA aged 90.

1918 (14 Sep) Pvt James Oliver Oversby died aged 23 Private, Queen's Own (Royal West Kent Regiment). Burial: Saint Sever Cemetery Extension Rouen, Departement de la Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France Plot R. II. E. 17.

1918 (14 Sep) Pte James Oliver Oversby, died. Service Number: 31721 / Royal West Kent Regiment

1918 (5 Oct) B. Haygarth, aged 27, R.F.A., son of Mr. R. Haygarth, [Dent], died from pneumonia, Oct. 5, 1918. (? 25 Oct 1918)

1918 (13 Oct) Lieutenant James Burton Greenwood, of 19th Battalion Lancashire Fusiliers, killed in action in France.

1918 (25 Oct) Benjamin Griffiths Haygarth (1892- 1918) died in India from pneumonia. (? 5 Oct 1918)

1918 (11 Nov) Armistice ends fighting on the Western Front

1918 Clarence R Albinson was captain of the vessel Laketon. Membership Class: Active. Pennant Number: 02179. Lodge Number: 14. Lodge Name: St. Clair, MI. Location: City: Mooretown. State: Ont. Country: Canada

World War 1: There were approximately 16,000 British men on record as conscientious objectors (COs) to armed service during the First World War. This figure does not include men who may have had anti-war sentiments but were either unfit, in reserved occupations, or had joined the forces anyway. The number of COs may appear small compared with the six million men who served, but the impact of these men on public opinion and on future governments was to be profound.

World War I. Of Garsdale’s estimated 390 inhabitants 31 were enlisted and at least seven of these lost their lives.

World War 1. An estimated 1,500 nurses from a number of countries lost their lives during World War I. Some died from disease or accidents, and some from enemy action.

Over 115,000 awards of the MM were made for actions during the First World War.

1919 (26 Feb) Edward Oversby died in Yorkshire, England. Probate Date: 14 Jun 1919 Probate Registry: London, England.

1919 (26 Feb) Edward Oversby of Hobson’s Farm Dent Yorkshire died 26 February 1919. Administration London 14 June to Elizabeth Slee Oversby widow. Effects £160 16s.

1919 (28 Apr) Eleanor Oversby (1853-1919) died in Yorkshire. England

1919 (14 Jun) Herbert Sutcliffe married Catherine Eleanor Oversby at St Leonard, Padiham, Lancs. Marriage: 14 Jun 1919 St Leonard, Padiham, Lancs. Herbert Sutcliffe - 30, Farm Labourer, Bachelor, 56 Church Street, Padiham Catherine Eleanor Oversby - 29, Spinster, 49 Dale Street, Ulverston Bride's Father: James Oversby, Fireman Witness: W. Bowes; Blanche Long Married by Licence by: F. Wilkins Notes: [Groom's father not named] Register: Marriages 1913 - 1925, Page 120, Entry 239 Source: Original Parish Register

1919 (16 Jun) Braithwaite Wilson (1885-1952) married Barbara Oversby (1895–1983) at Firbank, Westmorland, England.

1919 (25 Jul) Arthur Beard was a 31-year-old night-watchman employed at Carfield Mills, Hyde, in Cheshire. He was drunk when he raped and suffocated thirteen-year-old Ivy Lydia Wood on the evening of 25th July 1919. Ivy had disappeared on her way home from buying some umbrella ferrules for her father. Beard had telephoned the night-watchman at a neighbouring mill about 1.30am on 26th July and told him that he had found the body of a girl in the grounds and had carried her back to the mill. When the police arrived they were unconvinced by Beard's account and, on searching the mill, discovered the scene of a fierce struggle that had occurred in the cellar. He was convicted of murder at Chester Assizes and sentenced to death.

1919 (16 Aug) Constance Emily Clarke was married to John Horsley in 16th August 1919 in Hackney she would have been 21. John was 27 , his age was a lie he was about 30, Her address at time of marriage Pastlands road, Finsbury Park. His address 35 South Street, Ponders End Enfield , with another wife Ethel Oversby in Burrow in Furness.

1919 (23 Aug) Jack John Oversby (born 1888) embarked from England on the H.T. Friedrichsruh and disembarked in Fremantle, Western Australia on 23 August 1919

1919 (11 Dec) While travelling from Winchester to Perth by train on 11 December 1919 John Jack Oversby (born 1888) was questioned and arrested in Moora. It was a case of mistaken identity, despite the fact that he was over ten years older than the person the police were seeking. He attempted to prove himself with paperwork, letters from his wife in Perth and a cheque for £10/10/6 from his employer After being questioned he was released to send a telegram to his wife that he wouldn't be home until the next day He paid a £5 surety to appear at the Police Court in Moora the following morning and paid 10/- to stay at a hotel in Moora The following morning he was charged with stealing three silver watches in Mingenew but pleaded not guilty. On the sworn evidence of a police constable, he was discharged, but received no compensation for having to stay in Moora.

1919 Clarence R Albinson was captain of the vessel Laketon. Membership Class: Active. Pennant Number: 02179. Lodge Number:14. Lodge Name: St. Clair, MI. Location: City: Mooretown. State: Ont. Country: Canada.

1919 The incredible turnout on Newton Street for the funeral cortege of 13 year old Ivy Wood in 1919. The poor girl was raped and murdered by Arthur Beard who was a night watchman at Ashton Brothers. Ivy met her death in the mill as she was visiting Beard, who was a family friend. He was tried for murder but had the charge reduced to manslaughter as he pleaded he was drunk. This decision was overturned by the Lord High Justice but he still escaped the noose. There is a memorial to Ivy in Hyde cemetery.

Beard appealed and the plea was heard before the Court of Criminal Appeal, which reduced the original charge to one of manslaughter and the sentence to twenty years' imprisonment. This was on the grounds of his drunken state and his not being in a condition to be capable of acting with malice aforethought. The case was appealed by the Crown and went on to the House of Lords. Once again the judgement was reversed with the original charge, verdict and sentence being re-instated. The Lord Chancellor ruled that, while Beard was too drunk to form the intention to kill, he was able to form the intention of rape, during which he used violence that caused the death. Beard was, however, reprieved.

1919 A case in which the victim was suffocated was that of Arthur Beard who was a nightwatchman. In 1919 he was charged with attacking and raping 13 year old Ivy Lydia Wood. The cause of death was from suffocation Beard maintained that he was innocent as he had been drunk at the time so did not know what he was doing. This was accepted but then later overturned by the House of Lords who maintained that while beard may have been too drunk to form the intention to kill he was however able to form the intention to commit a felony namely the rape during which he used the violence which led to the death of Ivy Lydia Wood. The result of this was to declare that Beard was indeed guilty of murder. His death sentence was however changed to one of life imprisonment.

1919 Arthur Beard was a nightwatchman who in 1919 did attack and rape 13 year old Ivy Lydia Wood. The cause of death was from suffocation When the case came to trial at Chester Assizes Arthur Beard pleaded not guilty to murder but guilty of manslaughter on the grounds that as he was drunk at the time he did not know what he was doing. This was accepted but then later overturned by the House of Lords who maintained that while Beard may have been too drunk to form the intention to kill he was however able to form the intention to commit a felony namely the rape during which he used the violence which led to the death of Ivy Lydia Wood. The result of this was to declare that Beard was indeed guilty of murder. His death sentence was however changed to one of life imprisonment.